Sorbitized (5.50) umuyoboro wicyuma wibice byimodoka.Izina ryumwimerere ryari "uburyo bwo kuzimya inzira".Kuva mu myaka ya za 1950, igihugu cyacu cyashyushye insinga z'icyuma ku bushyuhe bukabije, hanyuma zishira mu bwogero bwa mbere ku bushyuhe buri hafi y'izuru ry'igishushanyo mbonera cya isothermal.Ubushyuhe bwa isothermal burakomeza kugeza igihe kubora kwa austenitike kurangiye, hanyumaumuyoboro w'icyumaikoreshwa cyane kubice byimodoka ikuramo ikonjeshwa mukirere kugirango ibone byose cyangwa byinshi muburyo bwa sorbite.Kwishyushya wenyine no kwishongora (6.4) (6.5).
Mbere, hari ijambo rusange ry "gutwikwa kwizana", byumvikanaga ko bivuze ko nyuma yo kuzimya hejuru yumuyoboro wicyuma utomoye kubice byimodoka, ibice byazimye byaumuyoboro wuzuyekubice byimodoka byashyutswe kandi birashyuha kubera gutwara ubushyuhe hanze mumutima.Nyamara, duhereye ku bushakashatsi bwimbitse bwakozwe na karuboni nkeya ya karubone, usanga ko kubera ingingo ndende ya Mme, ubushyuhe bwarakozwe mu buryo bwo kuzimyaimiyoboro yicyuma isobanutse kubikoresho byimodoka, ibyo bita spontaneous tempering.Ubu ni inzira yo guhererekanya ubushyuhe buva mu cyuma cyimiyoboro yimodoka isobanutse neza kandi igashyuha.Guhindura kamere (cyangwa kuvura ibintu bisanzwe) (7.8).
Gutera bishyirwa mu kirere igihe kirekire bizatera guhagarika umutima, bityo bigahindura imiterere nubunini bwa casting, ubusanzwe bita kuvura gusaza mubushinwa.Nubwo ijambo ryicyongereza "ibirungo" rishobora gusobanurwa nk "" gusaza ", gusaza byasobanuwe neza muburyo bwihariye bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwimiyoboro yicyuma itunganijwe neza kubikoresho byibyuma nibice byimodoka, ni ukuvuga nyuma yo kuvura igisubizo cyangwa guhindura plastike ikonje, imikorere yayo ihinduka hamwe nigihe ishyizwe mubushyuhe bwicyumba cyangwa hejuru yubushyuhe buke.
Guhindura imikorere yibikoresho byicyuma gikoreshwa cyane cyane kubice byimodoka nyuma yo gusaza ni imvura yibice biterwa no gukwirakwiza ibice, usibye kuruhuka cyangwa gukuraho imihangayiko yimbere.Kugirango wirinde urujijo, abakinnyi bazitwa "gutuza bisanzwe (cyangwa karemano)" aho "gusaza".Ikwirakwizwa rya karubone (8.23).Ibirimo bya karubone byumuyoboro udasanzwe wibice byimodoka bivuga ibirimo karubone mubice byose cyangwa igice cyibyuma, ariko ntaburyo bugarukira.Ububiko bwa karubone bugarukira gusa kumuti ukomeye muri α Icyuma cyangwa γ Ibirimo karubone.
Carbide ikunze kugaragara hejuru ya carburize hejuru yicyuma cyumubyimba wicyuma cyumubyimba wicyuma, cyane cyane karbide ikomeza carburizing (8.14) yakozwe mumyaka yashize.Kubwibyo, birakwiye gufata ibirimo karubone nkumubare wuzuye wibintu bya karubone murwego rwa karburize.Igikorwa cya karubone (8.27).Igisobanuro gifatika cyibikorwa nigikorwa cyibanze cyumuti watanzwe mugisubizo runaka (cyangwa igisubizo gikomeye).Carburizing yimiyoboro yibyuma yibice byimodoka ikorwa muburyo bwa austenitike, bityo ibikorwa bya karubone ya carburizing yicyuma muri rusange bivuga kwibumbira hamwe kwa karubone muri austenite.
Twakagombye kwerekana ko ibikorwa na coefficient yibikorwa bya karubone muri ferrite bitagomba kubarwa ukoresheje formulaire yubushake uko bishakiye.Amagambo yo kuvura hejuru yuburyo bwiza bwimodoka.Kuberako kuvura hejuru yimiyoboro yicyuma isobanutse kubice byimodoka nubuhanga bukoreshwa cyane muguhindura inganda mubikorwa byibikoresho muri iki gihe, amagambo yo kwambika laser (12.1), kuvura lazeri (12.2), okiside ya micro arc (12.3), gushiramo ion ( 12.4).Kuri iyi shingiro, twahinduye ingingo zijyanye no kohereza imodoka shaft itomoye ibyuma,kandi bakoze akazi keza mubuhanga bwubuso hamwe no guhuza ubushyuhe bwo kuvura amagambo
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-10-2022